Is a set of internal forces that mobilize the individual to achieve a given target in response to a state of necessity, need or imbalance.
The word motivation comes from the Latin movere, which means "move". The motivation is what is likely to move the individual to get him to act, to achieve something (the objective), and will produce a goal-oriented behavior.
According to Maslow; (founder of humanistic psychology) the process as the individual goes thru basic needs such as feeding, the higher needs such as cognitive or aesthetic. Maslow provides a uniform hierarchy of needs on the idea that if they do not satisfy a basic need, it becomes impossible to satisfy other order superior. If we are hungry (physiological need), for example, we are unable to focus on aesthetic activities. This idea applies to all activities of life, affirming that all men aspire to self-realization of their full potential.
Hierarchy of motivations (ascending order) Maslow Pyramid:
1. Physiological needs (water, sunlight, food, oxygen, sex, shelter);
2. Necessity of security (free from fear and threats, not dependent on anyone, of autonomy, of not being abandoned, protection of confidentiality);
3. Necessity of affection or belonging (affection, companionship, interpersonal relationships, comfort, communication, give and receive love);
4. Necessity of prestige and social esteem (respect for personal dignity, deserved praise, self-esteem, individuality, sexual identity, sexual identity, recognition);
5. Needs for self-realization and creativity (self-expression, usefulness, creativity, production, entertainment);
6. Cognitive and curiosity, to see the world (namely, intelligence, study, understanding, encouragement, personal asset);
7. Esthetic (creating opportunities, personal autonomy, order, beauty, intimacy, truth, spiritual goals).
There is a classification of motives, but several. The motivations can be classified into two major groups:
1. Physiological (primary, organic): those linked to the survival of the organism and not a result of learning. They trigger certain impulses in the body to restore its balance. These motivations are closely related with certain internal state of the organism. Ex: breathing, hunger, thirst, sex, sleep, etc.. Homeostasis means that the mechanism regulating the body's internal balance.
2. Social motives (secondary culture) which depends essentially on learning; they were acquired in the socialization process. Ex: The need for coexistence, recognition of social success, etc.. This group can be subdivided:
a) Centered on the individual (self-affirmation): desire for security, to be accepted, to belong to a group, to achieve high social status, to enrich, etc..
b) Centered in society (independent of our interests): respect for others, solidarity, friendship, love, etc..
Some question this division of the motivations, saying that they all have a common background: the pursuit of pleasure, the only true source of all human actions.
So, there is a Motivational cycle:
1. Necessity; It is the reason for the action. It is caused by a state of imbalance due to a lack or deprivation (ex. Lack of food in the body);
2. Impulse or drive; It is the activities undertaken by necessity or reason; the internal energy that propels the individual to act in a given direction. (Ex: force that moves the individual to obtain food);
3. Answer; it is the activity triggered to achieve something (Ex: Looking for food);
4. Incentive; it is the purpose for which it guides the action. (Ex: eating the food);
5. Satiety; It is the satisfaction resulting from having attained the desired goal (after having eaten the food, hunger disappears).
This sequential behavior back to again and again whenever you need to repeat that causes them.
Psychology and Nutrition Reorientation
Feeding Behaviour refers to any food. A person who has just eaten chocolate today fed but not nourished properly. Nutrition refers to eat properly in quality and quantity.
Feeding behaviour is more "primitive, unconscious and less rational than nutrition, which can be considered more intelligent and scientifically substantiated.
Should be regulated by complex mechanism hunger - satiation, but it is important to understand that emotions, anxiety, depressive mood states and other negative psychological factors can profoundly alter it and thus the nutritional behaviour.
In nutritional guidelines aimed at slimming the person "knows" what to do and what to eat, but feel powerless to do so. Something stronger than his desire to prevent. Come hungry without knowing that it should not do it, but does so in the absence of pleasure. When eating is a temporary relief from the negative feeling of anxiety, guilt comes back stronger, leading people to eat more, to make ease the tension.
The person begins to avoid fattening and a whole range of situations and activities, and gratuities thereon. Decrease physical activity gained because, questions there appearance and avoid going to places where they have to expose themselves physically. This restricts their social life and may tend to isolation. This reaction causes the removal of others, but the fat does not seem to realize that this is due to their behaviour and not its appearance.
This anxiety increases the loneliness which in turn reinforces the anxiety. Drying up the pleasures of the poor quality of life and growing anxiety, the food assumes the role of "stress reducer" and often, sole source of pleasure! ... Self denial of pleasure leads one to reject there body and leads to an infantile dependence of food, which is to symbolize the body satisfaction and eventually form a vicious cycle.
The most tenuous signs of anxiety, even before they become aware they can be "cushioned" by the act of eating, automatic.
The child, from birth, establishes a bond with the mother through breastfeeding. The first sensations of anxiety (unpleasant feeling negative) are experienced when the baby is hungry.
The stress relief (good feeling) is achieved when the child eats (satiety). With the growth receives influences of family and culture that help shape an "eating style", deeply associated with positive and negative emotions and modifiable hardly by persuasion and information only. Examples of this, are patients that even well-motivated and driven professionals and teach them balanced nutritional guidance, customized and tasty end self sabotaging it at some point, so irrational, showing feeding behaviour governed by dark emotions and not reason, and unprepared for the nutritional guidance.
Obesity becomes, in this way, a maladaptive form of a use of feeding behaviour in an attempt to cover up problems that become progressively insoluble, gradually reducing the options of one's life.
Psychology can and should collaborate with the medical-nutrition, enabling nutrition behaviour through the control of feeding behaviour that the foregoing, acting in various ways, leading the patient to reassess the "continuum" hunger-satiety, focusing on and treating the gains side that keeps the fat person, working on self-image, often hampered by treating the co morbidities associated with obesity, such as mood disorders (depression), social phobia, personality disorders with binge eating and others, but particularly anxiety, deviating from the act of eating, allowing behavioural changes that allow a new style of life, essential to weight loss and weight maintenance later.
Feeding behaviour is more "primitive, unconscious and less rational than nutrition, which can be considered more intelligent and scientifically substantiated.
Should be regulated by complex mechanism hunger - satiation, but it is important to understand that emotions, anxiety, depressive mood states and other negative psychological factors can profoundly alter it and thus the nutritional behaviour.
In nutritional guidelines aimed at slimming the person "knows" what to do and what to eat, but feel powerless to do so. Something stronger than his desire to prevent. Come hungry without knowing that it should not do it, but does so in the absence of pleasure. When eating is a temporary relief from the negative feeling of anxiety, guilt comes back stronger, leading people to eat more, to make ease the tension.
The person begins to avoid fattening and a whole range of situations and activities, and gratuities thereon. Decrease physical activity gained because, questions there appearance and avoid going to places where they have to expose themselves physically. This restricts their social life and may tend to isolation. This reaction causes the removal of others, but the fat does not seem to realize that this is due to their behaviour and not its appearance.
This anxiety increases the loneliness which in turn reinforces the anxiety. Drying up the pleasures of the poor quality of life and growing anxiety, the food assumes the role of "stress reducer" and often, sole source of pleasure! ... Self denial of pleasure leads one to reject there body and leads to an infantile dependence of food, which is to symbolize the body satisfaction and eventually form a vicious cycle.
The most tenuous signs of anxiety, even before they become aware they can be "cushioned" by the act of eating, automatic.
The child, from birth, establishes a bond with the mother through breastfeeding. The first sensations of anxiety (unpleasant feeling negative) are experienced when the baby is hungry.
The stress relief (good feeling) is achieved when the child eats (satiety). With the growth receives influences of family and culture that help shape an "eating style", deeply associated with positive and negative emotions and modifiable hardly by persuasion and information only. Examples of this, are patients that even well-motivated and driven professionals and teach them balanced nutritional guidance, customized and tasty end self sabotaging it at some point, so irrational, showing feeding behaviour governed by dark emotions and not reason, and unprepared for the nutritional guidance.
Obesity becomes, in this way, a maladaptive form of a use of feeding behaviour in an attempt to cover up problems that become progressively insoluble, gradually reducing the options of one's life.
Psychology can and should collaborate with the medical-nutrition, enabling nutrition behaviour through the control of feeding behaviour that the foregoing, acting in various ways, leading the patient to reassess the "continuum" hunger-satiety, focusing on and treating the gains side that keeps the fat person, working on self-image, often hampered by treating the co morbidities associated with obesity, such as mood disorders (depression), social phobia, personality disorders with binge eating and others, but particularly anxiety, deviating from the act of eating, allowing behavioural changes that allow a new style of life, essential to weight loss and weight maintenance later.
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