How to Choose Toys for Your Children

As everyone knows, the work that children have is to play, and the tools they use to play are the toys. The question that arises is what kind of toys do they have?

Which are the most and least appropriate? For whom should we decide every day children are "bombarded" in television ads for the most varied, and if they are available in great cartoon on top, most of the time are perfect copies of dolls which can wear , going to parties, characters are fantastic, each marry and have children, others are galactic invaders, etc.. There is therefore a huge competition in terms of entertainment and games.
Ideally, the toys they should buy are those that are appropriate to their ages. For example, although a microscope can be very stimulating and useful for a child of 11 years, it is very likely to remain on a shelf, untouched, if offered to a child of preschool age. Already on the other hand, if you buy a doll for his daughter, who has come up with a dress, for example, medieval and some historical significance, it is very likely that your imagination fly quickly over time. Today, many companies have already indicated in the boxes of toys ages themselves, which helps a lot in both the choice and the effect it will raise, putting aside the feelings of frustration and failure which could inflict.
When choosing toys for your child, be sure also to take into account the different areas of expertise that help to develop some toys.
For example, develop the fine motor skills is essential in a child who is learning to write his name. Toys that enhance and develop this competence are the best toy cars, building materials, yo-yos, magnets, video games, the handling of computer mice or write with computer keyboards.
Already with regard to coordinating and developing the capacity to develop muscle strength of a child is given a jump rope, roller skating, playing with rackets and began to walk on roller skates, or even begin cycling. The toys can help develop children's imagination. Children in their early school years, they love to play make-believe. For example love to play pretend that you are the post office, or pretend to be teachers and who are teaching their students the ABC.
Try giving a medical kit to your child and you will see that soon begins to simulate operations in their favorite dolls. Children of primary love playing with dolls and animals.
Therefore, at this age, do not deprive a boy playing with dolls, not discourage the girls playing with cars or toys that are traditionally for boys. If you prefer, in addition to dolls or stuffed animals, puppets are a good alternative, because they are great to give life and recreate voices and stories through the imagination. Do not forget that a child's imagination, the box that comes with the refrigerator or the microwave there new home can be quickly transformed into a space station or a puppet theater. The children basically love is to do things and play. Encourage your kids to work on creativity, always ensuring that they have on hand paper, pencils, markers, pens, paints, brushes, pencil-of-wax, etc..
Toys docking, the Lego, the etc.., Are great for architectural projects. The kits, jewelry, musical instruments, etc.. are great for developing their creativity. Another type of toys that help children develop their thinking capacity are precisely those board games. In the case of younger children is the best simple games, but in the older puzzles, books, science kits and are most suitable. Besides the children, virtually every board game has a very positive because they can always be made with the family.

The stutter in childhood

The stuttering, or stammering, is known technically as it is a language disorder that affects about 1 percent of the children.

It is characterized by a change in pace of speech, repetitions or blockages arising. This discontinuity causes a disruption in terms of rhythm and melody of speech. Although we do not know very well the motives, the fact is that boys are more affected than girls, and the ratio is 3 to 1.

Types of stuttering

- The clonic stuttering; is characterized by the repetition of a syllable in the sentence or while uttering it. There is a compulsive repetition of syllables that are stuck (for example, Por-Por-P0r-Portugal).

- A Focus stuttering is accompanied by a stop in speech; preventing the articulation of the word. It seems that it stumbles on the words. Suddenly, the missing word explodes and the phrase is completed - for example: you want to eat, eat, eating an ice cream? The stuttering may be accompanied by motor movements like eye blinking, tics and tremors.

- A lisp; is also disorders that fall into stuttering. The babbling has a thought, so to speak, takes place faster than you can verbalize what causes a clash of words. In Lisp, phrases are imperfect, inconsistent in how we build, but not in its articulation.

When does it starts?

The stuttering tends to occur between 3 and 6 years, but is more frequent at age 5. These ages are in themselves, two critical stages of child development, since it is around 3 years the child begins to use language as a privileged instrument of communication.

The formal thought is consolidated and the need to put into practice. The child tries to communicate verbally, but he makes a mistake with words. These difficulties cause anxiety, which increases when she realizes that her mother is also concerned for that reason.

Sometimes, in the stages of language evolution, there may be some episodes of stuttering, but are transient. This should not be a cause for concern for parents. The situation usually resolves itself and insistence on correcting it is likely to cause a fixation.

Some children even reach to express great fear to speak. Children also tend to repeat whole sentences, which should not be confused with stuttering.

At 6 years, it is time for entering elementary school and there are children who suffer terribly at this time, since they are flooded with feelings of abandonment. Although most families choose to place their children in kindergarten, it is certain that this moment could be a traumatic situation for children who were always with her mother and who suddenly find themselves deprived of it.

The fear of abandonment, the fantasy of having done something wrong and are being punished for it, increase their anxiety to the point that symptoms may arise from stuttering.

Solutions for stammering

There are several ways to approach this problem:

- Speech Therapy - for the language to become fluent.

- Relaxation- so that the subject learns to relax when faced with situations of great anxiety.

- Psychotherapy- alone or in addition to other intervention, psychotherapy appears to be effective. In adolescents, psychotherapy focused on problems specific to the crisis of adolescence can have a very happy this disorder. In children, psychotherapy is also an option to consider in order to free it of its anxieties and conflicts.

Stress

Stress can be defined as the sum of physical and mental responses caused by certain external stimuli (stressors) and allow the individual (human or animal) to overcome certain requirements of the environment and the physical and mental burden caused by this process.

The term stress has been borrowed from physics, which means the tension and wear they are exposed to the materials, and first used in today's direction in 1936 by physician Hans Selye in the journal Nature.

Stress can be caused by anxiety and depression due to the sudden change in lifestyle and exposure to a particular environment, which makes a person feel a certain kind of anguish. When the symptoms of stress persist for a long period of time, there may be feelings of avoidance (related to anxiety and depression). Our defenses mechanisms are not responding effectively, thus increasing the possibility of disease occur, especially cardiovascular.

Another important term in the study of stress is the term stressor; indicates that an event or happening that requires an individual to an adaptive reaction to the new situation; the reaction will give the name of coping (dealing). These coping responses may be functional or malfunctioning, or not as fulfilling its role in overcoming the situation in adapting to it.

Stressors, depending on the degree of their harmfulness and the time required for the adaptation process, divided into:

1. Critical biographical events (life events): events are locatable in time and space, which require a profound restructuring of the life situation provoke emotional-affective long term. Such events can be both positive and negative and have different degrees of normatively; the social demand. Examples are marriage, birth of a child, sudden death of a person, accident, etc..

2.Traumatic stressors; are a special kind of biographical events that critics have a very high intensity and that exceed the adaptive capacity of individual

3. Everyday stressors (daily hassles); are stressful events of the day to day, that interfere with the welfare of the undivided, and that experience as threatening, or frustrating losses. Examples are problems with weight or appearance, health problems of close relatives who require care, trouble with daily events (home care, rising prices, financial worries, etc.).

4. Chronic stressors (chronic strain); are situations or conditions spanning a relatively long time and brings with it experiences repeated and chronic stress (overwork, unemployment, etc.) and specific situations (beginning with and so defined) that bring lasting consequences (Example: Stress caused by problems stemming from divorce).

Examples of stressors:

• Contempt loving;

• Pain and Sorrow;

• Strong light;

• High levels of sound;

• Events: births, death, war, meetings, weddings, divorces, changes, chronic diseases, unemployment and amnesia;

• Liabilities: Unpaid Debts and lack of money;

• Work / study: exams, slow traffic and deadlines for small projects;

• Personal relationships: conflict and disappointment;

• Lifestyle: unhealthy food, smoking, alcoholism and insomnia;

• Exposure to constant stress in children (child abuse);

• Age.

In a way stress is necessary to keep us moving and functional; however if you feel that the high levels of stress in your life are interfering in your everyday performance or interfering with your well being you must immediately look for some help and see why your defense mechanisms are not being enough.

Weight Loss

What is Neuropsychology

Neuropsychology is an interface or application of psychology and neurology, studying the relationships between the brain and human behavior, yet practically dedicated to investigating how different lesions cause deficits in various areas of human cognition or as called by the first studies in this field studies the higher mental functions, leaving areas such as aggression, sexuality towards more integrative physiology and biology (neurobiology, neurophysiology, psychophysiology, psychobiology) or better in neuroscience. Among the main contributions of this branch of knowledge are the results of scientific research to design interventions in cases of brain injury where there is impairment of cognition and some aspects of behavior.

What is the role of the neuropsychologist?

The neuropsychologist is a professional active in various institutions, developing activities such as diagnosis, rehabilitation, family orientation and multidisciplinary teamwork. The main places where the neuropsychologist is required include: academic institutions (research, teaching), hospital (pre-and post-surgical), courts (and evaluation skills), clinical (assessment, rehabilitation and research), private clinics and homecare (rehabilitation).

There are three fields of actions that are fundamental to the profession neuropsychologist

1. Diagnosis - Using instruments (tests, batteries, scales) for standardized assessment of cognitive functions, the neuropsychologist will investigate the performance of skills such as attention, perception, language, reasoning, abstraction, memory, learning, academic skills and motor functions. This diagnosis is intended to be able to collect clinical data to help understand the extent of losses and explore the points that each intact condition causes the central nervous system of each patient. From this assessment Neuropsychological is possible to establish types of intervention, rehabilitation and specific to particular individuals and / or groups of patients with dysfunctional or otherwise acquire, genetic or not, primarily or secondarily to other Neurological disorders (Psychiatric).

2. Treatment (Rehabilitation) - With the diagnosis in hand the Neuropsychologist can make the necessary interventions with patients so they can improve, compensate or adapt to circumvent the difficulties. These interventions can be in the context of cognitive functioning: work directly with cognitive functions (memory, language, attention, etc) or a much more ecological, the living environment of the patient along with their families, to act as co-participants in the process of rehabilitation, along with multidisciplinary teams and academic institutions and professionals, promoting cooperation in the insertion or reinsertion of such individuals in the community when possible, or even in individual and family adaptation when changes in patient's capabilities are more permanent or long term.

3. Search - Research in Neuropsychology involves the study of such diverse areas as the study of cognitions, emotions, personality and behavior from the standpoint of the relationship between these aspects and brain functioning. Currently the use of specific drugs to stimulate or inhibit certain functions, has been used frequently to observe the behavior and cognitive functioning of individuals in given situations. Another technique that has greatly contributed in the Neuroscience and Neuropsychology with great specificity in neuroimaging is the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional tomography positron emission tomography (PET-CT) that allow you us to map certain areas related to specific activities. Therefore, it is clear that neuropsychology is a field of work and emerging research, both for psychology and for the Neurosciences, advancing and contributing uniquely to the understanding of how we think and act in the world.

plagiarism!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I would like to inform that several of my articles have been copied in to another blog in Muscat, what is an act of plagiarism!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Drugs

You can not say that there is only one reason leading to drug use but several factors that can influence the consumption or no consumption. These factors can be individual, social, familial, environmental and related to each substance.
There are different forms of consumption with different meanings and reasons that lead people to try a drug are different from the reasons that lead them to become dependent.

Causes of Drug Abuse, why do people use it?
In the beginning, it’s a phase of experimentation, there are a number of factors that can lead to the consumption of which stands out: the curiosity, the desire to belong to a group, the desire for fun, the fear of exclusion from the group, the availability of the drug, the illusion of solving problems, a positive representation of substances, among others. This experimental use may not lead to a sporadic or habitual consumption but can also become an addiction

The recreational use is associated with fun and leisure. One of its main features is the search for immediate pleasure in the context of dance or fun.
The last stage of consumption when it is installed dependency. Consumption becomes the main purpose and motivation in life, everything revolves around him.

Anyway, in each case there are always a number of factors that should be examined by a specialist in order to plan an appropriate treatment regimen.

How to tell if my child is addicted?
The signals can be as varied as, for example, changes the rhythm of life (sleep, eating), severe mood swings, lying, big secret about his life, their activities, their relationships with friends, spending unexplained money which may be linked to drug use but may also originate from other types of situations that age, and must be well balanced. There is however a set of signs of drug use as the appearance of needles and syringes, needle marks from bites, burnt spoons or knives, silverware of packs or foil burned.

The best way to notice it is being attentive to their behavior changes and maintaining a sufficiently close and affectionate with your child that allows him to talk about it if necessary.

How do I stop my son to became a drogue addict?
There are no recipes, but it is important to maintain a good relationship with him that allows discussion and discussion of all matters that arise throughout the life of his son, including drug use. Give him support when he needs to pay attention to their studies or work, your friends - in short, helping it grow and grow with him.

Cannabis is the first step for the consumption of harder drugs?
Not necessarily. In fact, there are people who use cannabis and do not feel the need to consume other substances. Other people use cannabis and / or alcohol and will gradually extend the use of other substances that cause more dependence - poly. It is a fact that there are substances with the addictive power than others. However, it is essential to realize the importance of consumption in the life of the person concerned. There may be regular consumption of hashish that leads to an addiction and there may be occasional consumption of more potent drugs without associated dependency, although in this case the risk of dependence is quite large. For this reason you should pay attention not only to the substance consumed, but also the use that individuals make of it and what it represents in your life.

What if I discover that my son is addicted?
Young people consume different products and not all have the same meaning consumption. It is important to know that consuming the substance, as it does and how long to determine if it is for trial or continued consumption.

Either way it's always important to talk to him, confront him with the facts and seek support from the family doctor or other health specialists. If the intakes are regular or substances such as heroin or cocaine, a health care professional will know to help him, and his son, to find a way to cope.

• Any drug are potentially toxic, the degree of intoxication depends on the intensity of use, being directly proportional.

• Even drug accepted, tolerated or even encouraged by society can get to abuse and addiction.

The person who uses drugs ends up being dependent for a long time, until he/she resolve to treat him/ her self or decide to quit drugs.